![]() Domestication might have taken place 10,000 to 12,000 years ago in Central–East Mexico. In Eastern Mexico, dry pepper fruits and seeds have been recovered from 9,000 years old burials in Tamaulipas and Tehuacán, further indicating their use since 7,000 B.C. chinense have been found in cave dwellings in Central America that indicate the natives have been consuming peppers since 7,000 B.C. Domestication, cultivation and agriculture It will readily germinate from the previous year's seed in the following growing season, however. chinense does not usually survive the winter. In warm climates such as these, it is a perennial and can last for several years, but in cooler climates, C. (Despite the name, habaneros and other spicy-hot ingredients are rarely ever used in traditional Cuban cooking.) Later on, it migrated to the Caribbean basin and Cuba originating the term Habanero, meaning from Habana (Havana, Cuba), where several peppers of this species were exported out from this port. History and Exploitation of a serendipetous new crop discovery. However, several reports by McLeod, Pickersgill, and Eshbaugh put its center of origin in the tropical northern Amazon, ranging from Southern Brazil to Bolivia (Eshbaugh, W.H.1993. chinense origin is not an easy matter to settle. chinense flower ('Madame Jeanette' variety)Ĭ. Another similarity with other species would be shallow roots, which are very common.ĭistribution Close-up photograph of a typical C. When it forms, the fruit varies greatly in color and shape, with red, orange, and yellow being the most common mature colors, but colors such as brown and purple are also known. The flowers, as with most Capsicum species, are small and white with five petals. Varieties such as the well-known Habanero grow to form small, compact perennial bushes about 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) in height. chinense, the appearance and characteristics of the plants can vary greatly. Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), a Dutch botanist, erroneously named the species in 1776, because he believed they originated in China due to their prevalence in Chinese cuisine after their introduction by European explorers. All Capsicum species originated in the New World. sinensis ("Chinese capsicum") is a misnomer. The two species can also hybridize and generate inter-specific hybrids. ![]() annuum – though this method is not always correct. annuum pepper plants can sometimes be distinguished by the number of flowers or fruit per node – two to five for C. Some taxonomists consider them to be part of the species C. The hottest peppers in the world are members of this species, with Scoville Heat Unit scores of over 2 million. chinense varieties are well known for their unique flavors and many have exceptional heat. ![]() Capsicum chinense, commonly known as a "habanero-type pepper", is a species of chili pepper native to the Americas. ![]()
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